Loeb Challenges Ukrainian UAP Report, Proposes Artillery as Terrestrial Explanation

To the point

Abraham Loeb argues that the Ukrainian UAP observations are better explained as artillery shells rather than alien objects, because at the reported 10–12 km distance dark 3–12 meter objects moving up to 15 km/s would have produced a bright optical fireball from air friction, and if the distance is ten times closer their size and speed would match artillery.

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Down to Earth Limits on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena in Ukraine (Comment on arXiv:2208.11215)

A recent report by astronomers about Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) in Ukraine (arXiv:2208.11215) suggests dark phantom objects of size 3-12 meters, moving at speeds of up to 15 km/s at a distance of up to 10-12 km with no optical emission. I show that the friction of such objects with the surrounding air would have generated a bright optical fireball. Reducing their inferred distance by a factor of ten is fully consistent with the size and speed of artillery shells.