The Search for Extraterrestrial Life: From Project Ozma to SETI and the Implications of Discovery

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Humans are actively searching for life beyond Earth, including intelligent civilizations, guided by questions about how common life is and how likely civilizations are to arise, using methods such as listening for radio signals, laser transmissions, or sending artifacts, in a long-running, collaborative effort from Project Ozma to SETI and SETI@home, which would transform our understanding of life and our place in the cosmos whether we find life or not, with thinkers like Carl Sagan, Lynn Margulis, and Dorion Sagan shaping the broader perspective.

Extraterrestrial life - Searching, Technical, Civilizations | Britannica
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Extraterrestrial life - Searching, Technical, Civilizations | Britannica

Extraterrestrial life - Searching, Technical, Civilizations: How would technical civilizations enter into communication with one another? Independent of the value of L, the Drake formula cited above implies that about one technical civilization arises every 10,000 years in the Milky Way Galaxy. Accordingly, it would be extraordinarily unlikely for humans to find a technical civilization as backward as Earth’s. The rate of technical advance on Earth in the past few hundred years makes it clear that no serious and reliable projection of future scientific and technical advances can be made. Advanced civilizations are expected to have techniques and sciences unknown to 21st-century people. Nevertheless, humanity is