3I/ATLAS: An Interstellar Comet with Unusual Water and Carbon Abundances Suggesting an Ancient Origin

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3I/ATLAS is an interstellar comet with an unusually high deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio and rich carbon and water content, indicating it formed in the cold outer regions of an ancient star system about 10–12 billion years ago and was later ejected into interstellar space, a conclusion supported by JWST observations from Martin Cordiner, Paul Hartogh, and Ewine van Dishoeck, though its exact origin remains uncertain.

3I/ATLAS: Interstellar comet has water unlike any in our solar system
newscientist.com

3I/ATLAS: Interstellar comet has water unlike any in our solar system

The levels of a heavy form of hydrogen in 3I/ATLAS are 30 to 40 times higher than in Earths oceans, suggesting the comet has a cold and distant origin