A Diversity-Based Biosignature: Statistical Organization of Molecular Assemblages Across Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Contexts

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Led by Gideon Yoffe, Fabian Klenner, Barak Sober, Yohai Kaspi, and Itay Halevy, the work shows a diversity-based biosignature in amino acids and fatty acids where biotic samples are more diverse than abiotic ones, a pattern robust to space-like degradation and detectable from relative abundances in data from current and planned planetary missions, with all data and code available on Zenodo.

Molecular diversity as a biosignature - Nature Astronomy
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Molecular diversity as a biosignature - Nature Astronomy

The degree of diversity of molecular species within amino-acid and fatty-acid assemblages distinguishes biological from abiotic samples, suggesting that molecular distribution patterns could serve as a biosignature for detecting life beyond Earth.