Project Sign (1948): The U.S. Air Force’s Early UFO Study and Its Transition to Project Grudge

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Project Sign was a 1948 USAF study at Wright Field led by Captain Robert R. Sneider with Alfred Loedding and Albert B. Deyarmond to collect and evaluate UFO sightings for national security, weighing whether discs were Soviet aircraft, natural phenomena, or something else, following cases like Mantell and Chiles-Whitted before its extraterrestrial hypothesis was rejected by top leaders and it was downgraded to Project Grudge in 1949, later evolving into Project Blue Book with files declassified in 1961.

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Project Sign

Project Sign was an official U.S. government study of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) undertaken by the United States Air Force and active for most of 1948. Project Signs final report, published in early 1949, stated that while some UFOs appeared to represent actual aircraft there was not enough data to determine their origin.[1] However, prior to this final report, Sign officially argued that UFOs were likely of extraterrestrial origin, and most of the projects personnel came to favor...