Survey of State-of-the-Art Life-Detection Instruments: Spaceflight Hardware, Analytical Chemistry, and Astrobiological Context (PNAS 2001)
To the point
By the early 2000s, life-detection science had advanced to compact spaceflight instruments like the 2003 MOD and to Earth-based microfluidic chip electrophoresis capable of separating amino acid enantiomers, all within the broader astrobiology tradition of Miller, Urey, Sagan, and Chyba.
